Does that mean as a skeptic according to this forum I must not consider the Enneagram system scientifically valid, when at least one PHD student, presumably after many years of study, discovered otherwise?
If skeptics were all Enneagram type Five, that would make perfect sense of skepticism......and that would mean that skeptics are born, not made, because that is the whole point of the Enneagram. Its a way of being you are born with, to use in making sense of the world. Its based in pre-birth experience, it seems.
I do hope we can get some other responses! Do try them!
Here is the paper abstract:
The Riso-Hudson Enneagram Type Indicator: Estimates of Reliability and Validity.
by Rebecca A. Newgent , Patricia E. Parr , Isadore Newman , Kristin K. Higgins
This investigation was conducted to estimate the reliability and validity of scores on the Riso-Hudson Enneagram Type Indicator (D. R. Riso & R. Hudson, 1999a). Results of 287 participants were analyzed. Alpha suggests an
adequate degree of internal consistency. Evidence provides mixed support for construct validity using correlational and canonical analyses but strong support for heuristic value.
Standardized measures are expected to have published norms and an established record of reliability, validity, and predictive utility. As of yet, many personality assessments have not established this record. For example, some professionals and lay people use Enneagram personality measures such as the Cohen-Palmer Inventory (Palmer, 1988), the Wagner Inventory (Wagner, 1981), and the Zinkle Inventory (Zinkle, 1974) as a measure for gaining information about clients or for self-understanding.
According to Riso and Hudson (2000), the Enneagram of Personality Types is a modern synthesis of a number of ancient wisdom traditions.
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